If you are working with a Spanish lawyer, it helps to know that the relationship is not unconditional. There are rules about when a lawyer can walk away from your case, and when they are required to.
Under the Code of Ethics for Spanish Lawyers, a lawyer is free to accept or turn down a case in the first place, and does not have to explain the decision to you or anyone else.
There is one situation where a lawyer cannot take a case no matter what: if it would work against the interests of another client they are defending, or have defended before. That conflict of interest rule is absolute.
Once a lawyer has taken on your case, they can still step away later if things break down. This happens when there are serious, unresolvable disagreements between you and the lawyer that damage the trust the relationship depends on, or if something comes up that threatens the lawyer's independence or freedom to defend you properly.
If a lawyer does step back from your case, they cannot simply disappear. They are required to take the steps needed so you are not left without representation, including telling the court, so you have the chance to bring in another lawyer and your case is not harmed by the handover.
